Explore the heart of Core (CORE), the blockchain set to revolutionize the crypto ecosystem by combining Bitcoin's power with Ethereum's agility. Unveil the project and learn how its unique consensus and architecture aim to solve the blockchain's famous trilemma.
The Core network, also known as Core DAO, represents a significant innovation in the blockchain universe. Officially launched in January 2023, Core positions itself as a layer 1 blockchain with a clear ambition: to overcome the famous blockchain trilemma. This fundamental challenge consists of simultaneously reconciling three essential properties: security, scalability (ability to process a large volume of transactions), and decentralization.
To achieve this ambitious goal, Core adopts an innovative approach by seeking to merge the strengths of two cryptocurrency giants: Bitcoin and Ethereum. On one hand, Core draws inspiration from the robustness and proven security of the Bitcoin network, particularly its consensus mechanism based on Proof of Work (PoW). On the other hand, it incorporates the flexibility and smart contract execution capabilities of Ethereum, thanks to its compatibility with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).
At the heart of this hybrid architecture lies Core’s unique consensus mechanism, called Satoshi Plus. This name pays homage to Satoshi Nakamoto, the pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin, while signaling the intention to go beyond existing models.
The Satoshi Plus consensus ingeniously combines elements of Bitcoin’s PoW with aspects of Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS), creating a system designed to be secure, scalable, and decentralized at the same time.
By aligning with the computing power of the Bitcoin network while being compatible with Ethereum’s application ecosystem, Core aims to offer a high-performance platform for developing decentralized applications (dApps) and the emergence of decentralized finance (DeFi) on a solid and secure foundation.
The emergence of the Core blockchain finds its roots in a fundamental debate that has animated the crypto community for years: the ideological and technical confrontation between Bitcoin supporters and Ethereum advocates. According to some sources, the idea of Core originated from a passionate discussion between two friends, one a fervent defender of Satoshi Nakamoto’s original vision embodied by Bitcoin, the other convinced of the disruptive potential of smart contracts popularized by Ethereum.
Faced with the respective strengths and weaknesses of the two platforms – Bitcoin’s unmatched security and decentralization on one side, Ethereum’s flexibility and programmability on the other – the idea germinated to create a new blockchain capable of merging the best of both worlds.
This ambitious project was carried forward by Core DAO, a decentralized autonomous organization tasked with guiding the network’s development and governance. After a design and development phase, the Core mainnet was officially launched in January 2023. This launch was quickly followed by a major airdrop, distributing the first CORE tokens to a large community, attracting more than 1.5 million participants and marking the beginning of the ecosystem’s growth.
The precise identity of the original creator(s) of the Core blockchain remains shrouded in mystery, a characteristic shared with Bitcoin’s creator, Satoshi Nakamoto. According to some sources, it is suggested that two anonymous individuals were behind the initial concept, with their identity being kept secret. This anonymous approach, though uncommon, reinforces the idea of a decentralized initiative from its conception, where the project takes precedence over personalities.
However, while the initial founders remain in the shadows, Core’s development and governance are ensured by Core DAO. Although the formal structure of this decentralized autonomous organization is not always publicly detailed, it is indicated that it consists of recognized experts in the fields of blockchain technology and finance. These contributors, organized within the DAO, are the ones who drive the network’s technical and strategic evolution.
Among the more visible and recognized figures who have played a key role in Core’s development and promotion, Brendon Sedo can be mentioned. Presented as an initial contributor, he has been active in communicating and representing the project, particularly during partnership announcements or fund launches. His previous experience includes directing Jolst, a Nasdaq-listed company, and training at the University of Manitoba.
Another name associated with Core’s beginnings is CJ Reim, identified as co-founder and managing partner of Amity Ventures since 2017, suggesting early involvement in the project’s funding or structuring. While these individuals are important contributors, it’s essential to understand that Core is fundamentally governed by its DAO, reflecting its decentralized nature.
At the heart of the Core ecosystem operates the $CORE token, which is the native and utility cryptocurrency of this blockchain. Its design and functions are essential to the proper functioning and security of the network. Inspired by Bitcoin’s economic model, the $CORE token has a limited maximum supply of 2.1 billion units, a figure that echoes Bitcoin’s 21 million, thus establishing a principle of digital scarcity.
The primary utilities of the $CORE token are twofold. First, it plays a crucial role in securing the network through the staking mechanism. $CORE token holders can choose to “lock” their assets (delegate them) to network validators. By participating in consensus this way, they actively contribute to the security and stability of the Core blockchain.
In exchange for their participation and immobilization of their tokens, stakers are rewarded with new $CORE tokens, creating an economic incentive to secure the network.
Second, the $CORE token is used for paying transaction fees on the Core blockchain. Each operation performed on the network, whether it’s a simple token transfer, execution of a smart contract, or interaction with a decentralized application (dApp), requires the payment of gas fees. These fees are paid in $CORE tokens and serve to compensate validators for their work of processing and including transactions in blocks.
This mechanism ensures the economic functioning of the network and prevents spam of unnecessary transactions. A portion of these fees may also be burned (permanently destroyed), helping to reduce the circulating supply and support the token’s value over the long term, similar to Ethereum’s EIP-1559 mechanism.
The functioning of the Core network is based on its innovative consensus mechanism, Satoshi Plus, specifically designed to achieve balance between security, scalability, and decentralization. This consensus is the engine that allows Core to combine Bitcoin’s hash power (DPoW – Delegated Proof of Work) with the flexibility of CORE token staking (DPoS – Delegated Proof of Stake).
At the heart of this system are several key actors and components that interact to maintain the integrity and efficiency of the network:
These are the actors responsible for producing new blocks and validating transactions. In principle, anyone can aspire to become a validator by registering and depositing (staking) a sufficient amount of CORE tokens as collateral. The network operates with a restricted set of 21 active validators at any given time.
Every 200 blocks, a new group of validators is selected based on a recalculated performance score. This score takes into account both the delegated Bitcoin hash power (via miners) and the amount of staked CORE tokens (via token holders). This mechanism aims to prioritize the most reliable and high-performing validators, ensuring the quality and stability of the network.
Playing a unique role in Satoshi Plus, Bitcoin miners can contribute to Core’s security by delegating their hash power. They inscribe their preferences for Core validators directly in the headers of the Bitcoin blocks they mine. In return for this contribution to Core’s security and decentralization, they receive rewards in CORE tokens, without having to give up Bitcoin mining itself. This creates an alignment of interests and allows Core to indirectly benefit from the immense security of the Bitcoin network.
These specialized nodes play a crucial role in synchronization between Bitcoin and Core. They read Bitcoin block headers and transmit them to the Core network, allowing Core validators to verify Bitcoin miners’ contributions and integrate PoW security into the Satoshi Plus consensus.
CORE token holders can actively participate in network security by delegating their tokens to validators of their choice. This action strengthens the chosen validator’s score and allows stakers to receive a portion of the staking rewards, proportional to their contribution.
These actors have the mission to monitor the network for suspicious or malicious behavior from validators (for example, attempting to validate the same transaction twice or being offline for too long). They report these behaviors, which can lead to sanctions (slashing) for the offending validators, thus deterring bad actions.
Finally, the operational cycle of the Core network is paced by several time units :
The Core blockchain defines itself as a layer 1 infrastructure, which means it constitutes the fundamental base on which other applications and protocols can be built, without depending on another blockchain for its security or consensus. It was designed from the start to be a hyper-scalable platform, capable of processing a high volume of transactions quickly and at low cost, thus addressing one of the major challenges faced by many existing blockchains.
One of the most important technical characteristics of the Core blockchain is its native compatibility with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). This compatibility means that developers familiar with the Ethereum ecosystem, which is the largest smart contract ecosystem to date, can easily port their existing decentralized applications (dApps) to Core or develop new ones using the same tools and programming languages (such as Solidity).
This significantly reduces the learning curve and promotes rapid migration or expansion of projects to Core, allowing it to benefit from the flourishing innovation of the EVM ecosystem.
In addition to its EVM compatibility, the Core blockchain emphasizes interoperability. It is designed not to be an isolated ecosystem, but to be able to communicate and interact with other blockchains. Through cross-chain mechanisms and bridges, Core facilitates the exchange of assets and data between its own network and other major ecosystems, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum.
This ability to interact with other networks is essential for creating a more connected and fluid blockchain ecosystem, allowing users and applications to leverage the strengths of different platforms without being siloed.
The consensus algorithm is the fundamental mechanism that allows participants in a blockchain network to agree on the state of the distributed ledger and on the validity of new transactions, all without the need for a central authority.
In the case of the Core blockchain, this algorithm is Satoshi Plus, a tailor-made innovation designed to embody the project’s philosophy: uniting Bitcoin’s security with Ethereum’s scalability and flexibility.
Satoshi Plus is a hybrid consensus that uniquely combines two proven mechanisms: Delegated Proof of Work (DPoW) and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS).
In the DPoW component, Core leverages the immense computing power already deployed by Bitcoin miners. Instead of directly competing with Bitcoin for this hash power, Core incentivizes BTC miners to delegate their computing power to participate in securing the Core network. Specifically, Bitcoin miners can signal their support for certain Core validators by including specific information in the Bitcoin blocks they mine.
This delegation of hash power is a key factor in calculating Core validators’ performance scores, thus influencing their selection to produce the next blocks. In return, participating miners are rewarded with CORE tokens.
The DPoS component involves CORE token holders. They can delegate their tokens (stake them) to validators they consider most reliable and performant. The amount of CORE tokens delegated to a validator constitutes the other major factor in their performance score. Additionally, stakers are incentivized to participate because they receive a portion of the rewards generated by the validators they support.
The goal of this DPoW + DPoS combination is to create a virtuous circle. The robust and decentralized security of the Bitcoin network, through hash power delegation, is used to strengthen validator selection and Core’s overall security. Simultaneously, the DPoS mechanism brings the scalability (fast and low-cost transactions thanks to a limited number of active validators) and flexibility necessary for the proper functioning of EVM-compatible applications.
The Satoshi Plus consensus thus aims to overcome the trilemma by sacrificing neither security (inherited from Bitcoin), nor decentralization (ensured by the combined participation of BTC miners and CORE stakers), nor scalability (enabled by DPoS and the EVM architecture).
Security is a paramount concern for any blockchain, and the Core network has been designed with an architecture aimed at maximizing its robustness and resilience against attacks. The cornerstone of this security lies in its unique consensus algorithm, Satoshi Plus.
As explained previously, Satoshi Plus combines Delegated Proof of Work (DPoW), which relies on the Bitcoin network’s hash power, and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS), based on CORE token staking. This hybrid approach is fundamental to Core’s security. By integrating a significant portion of Bitcoin’s computing power (often considered the most secure blockchain network in the world) into its validator selection process, Core indirectly inherits an extremely difficult-to-compromise security layer.
Attacking Core would require not only controlling a majority of staked CORE tokens (to influence DPoS), but also potentially a significant share of the delegated Bitcoin hash power (to influence DPoW), making a coordinated attack very costly and complex.
Decentralization is another essential pillar of Core’s security. The validator selection mechanism relies on both Bitcoin miners (via hash delegation) and CORE token holders (via staking). Thus, no single entity can easily take control of the network. Additionally, the regular rotation of the 21 active validators, every 200 blocks, according to a composite performance score, reinforces this decentralization. This also helps limit the risks of collusion or censorship.
Core’s economic model is also designed to enhance security. Clear economic incentives (rewards in CORE tokens) encourage validators, participating Bitcoin miners, and CORE stakers to act honestly and beneficially for the network. Conversely, severe financial sanctions, known as slashing, are provided for validators who behave badly (e.g., double-signing, prolonged unavailability).
Slashing involves the loss of part or all of the CORE tokens they have staked (their collateral), which constitutes a strong deterrent against malicious actions.
Finally, while a blockchain’s intrinsic security is crucial, security audits by independent third parties are a common practice to identify potential vulnerabilities in smart contract code or in the protocol itself. Platforms like CoinMarketCap sometimes mention audits conducted by specialized firms like Certik.
While the presence of an audit by a reputable firm is a sign of seriousness, it is always recommended for users and investors to verify the existence and conclusions of these audits.
Like any blockchain, Core presents a set of advantages and disadvantages that are important to consider when evaluating its potential and limitations.
At the time of writing this article, the price of CORE is around $0.69. With this price and a circulating supply of approximately 1 billion CORE tokens, Core DAO’s market capitalization amounts to roughly $800 million USD. This figure places Core among the top 100 cryptocurrencies in terms of market capitalization, which demonstrates a certain recognition and adoption by the market.
The maximum supply of CORE tokens is set at 2.1 billion, a figure reminiscent of Bitcoin, suggesting a desire to establish programmed scarcity over the long term. The emission of these tokens is spread over a period of 81 years, with mechanisms incentivizing Bitcoin miners to participate and a reward system for staking, as well as a potential burning mechanism for a portion of transaction fees to limit inflation.
Regarding price predictions for the CORE token, it is essential to approach this subject with extreme caution. The cryptocurrency market is notoriously unpredictable, influenced by a multitude of factors (technological, regulatory, macroeconomic, market sentiment, etc.).
Various analysis platforms offer predictions based on algorithms or technical analyses. For example, sites like CoinCodex may provide potential price ranges for the coming years between $0.80 and $3.84, but these predictions are in no way guaranteed and should be considered purely speculative.
It is imperative to do your own research (DYOR) and never invest more than you can afford to lose.
From its conception to its current state, the history of the Core blockchain is marked by several key stages and announcements that have shaped its development and growth :
These key moments illustrate Core’s dynamic trajectory, marked by technical innovations, community and ecosystem growth initiatives, and strategic partnerships aimed at establishing Core as a major player in the layer 1 blockchain landscape.
Acquiring CORE tokens is an essential step for those who wish to invest in the project, participate in its governance, or use the applications in its ecosystem. Due to its growing market capitalization and popularity, the CORE token is available on the majority of centralized exchange platforms (CEX).
These platforms allow you to buy CORE directly with euros or dollars via different payment methods (bank card, wire transfer). Here is our ranking of the best platforms in 2025 ? :
It is important to distinguish between specialized exchange platforms (like those mentioned above) where you actually buy and hold cryptocurrencies, and brokers that sometimes offer derivative products like CFDs (Contracts For Difference) on cryptocurrencies. For direct ownership and total control of your assets, it is preferable to use a specialized exchange platform.
Here’s how to buy Core in 5 steps on the best platform in our ranking.
Choose a platform that matches your needs in terms of fees, security, ease of use, and regulatory compliance in your jurisdiction.
Once you have acquired CORE tokens, the question of their secure storage becomes paramount. Leaving your cryptocurrencies on an exchange platform (CEX) involves significant risks: you don’t directly control your private keys, and your funds could be lost in case of platform hacking, regulatory issues, or company bankruptcy.
This is why it is strongly recommended to transfer your CORE to a personal wallet where you alone hold the private keys. “Not your keys, not your coins” is a fundamental adage in the ecosystem.
There are mainly two types of wallets for storing your CORE :
The choice between a cold wallet and a hot wallet depends on your specific needs: prioritize a cold wallet (like Ledger) for maximum security of your main investments, and possibly use a hot wallet (like MetaMask or Trust Wallet) for smaller amounts intended for regular interactions with Core’s DeFi ecosystem. In any case, the key is to always carefully secure your recovery phrase (seed phrase) and never share it or store it digitally.
While there are legitimate ways to acquire CORE tokens without buying them directly, you should also be wary of offers that seem too good to be true, as they often hide scams.
Here are some potential methods to obtain CORE tokens without directly spending money:
Core DAO conducted a significant airdrop shortly after its mainnet launch in early 2023, distributing the first tokens to its initial community, particularly users of the Satoshi App who were mining testnet tokens.
Although this major airdrop is now over, it’s possible that the project or applications in its ecosystem might organize future airdrops, more targeted, to reward active users or early adopters of new features. It is advisable to follow Core DAO’s official announcements to be informed of such opportunities.
Some platforms, influencers, or projects related to the Core ecosystem may organize giveaways or contests on social networks (like X, Discord, Telegram) where CORE tokens are offered to participants. YouTube videos sometimes mention specific applications (like “Core Satoshi” or “Coretoshi”) offering giveaways. Participating in these events can allow you to win a few tokens, but it’s important to verify the legitimacy of the organizer and never share your private keys or send funds to participate.
Some exchange platforms that list $CORE, such as Bitget, sometimes offer referral programs. In this context, invite new users to register and trade on the platform via your referral link, and receive commissions or bonuses, sometimes in the form of $CORE tokens or other cryptocurrencies exchangeable for CORE.
Staking is not “free“, as it requires you to already own and immobilize $CORE tokens. However, it is a way to generate passive income in the form of new $CORE tokens. By delegating your $CORE to a validator, you contribute to the network’s security and receive staking rewards. Nevertheless, platforms may announce attractive potential annual yields (APY), but these rates vary depending on network conditions.
It is crucial to be extremely vigilant regarding offers promising free $CORE. Be wary of suspicious websites, unsolicited private messages, unofficial applications, or requests to connect your wallet to unknown platforms. In particular, phishing scams and fake airdrops are common. Only trust Core DAO’s official communication channels and recognized exchange platforms.
The question of the legality of Core DAO and its $CORE token is complex and heavily depends on specific jurisdictions. In Europe, the CORE token is completely legal, but it is not available in all countries worldwide.
Core DAO itself specifies, in its official communications (notably in a Medium article), that CORE tokens are not accessible to persons residing in the United States, Canada, or countries sanctioned by OFAC. Moreover, the organization and its affiliates make no commitments regarding the legal status of the token in any given jurisdiction. Consequently, each user must inform themselves and comply with the laws in force in their country.
Generally, the legal status of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) remains unclear and is evolving in many countries. However, some jurisdictions, such as certain US states, are beginning to propose legal frameworks. Despite this, most DAOs still operate in a regulatory gray area. It is therefore essential for potential users and investors to research the regulation of cryptocurrencies and DAOs in their own country before interacting with Core or acquiring $CORE tokens. The absence of a clear statement from Core DAO about its legal status underscores this need for caution and individual verification.
The distribution of $CORE tokens is an important element for evaluating the project’s real decentralization. According to data from on-chain analysis platforms like CoinCarp (consulted in April 2025), the concentration of $CORE tokens is relatively high.
The 10 richest wallets hold about 88.55% of the circulating supply. The top 20 control more than 95%. This high concentration deserves attention. However, it may include wallets linked to smart contracts, staking, or project reserves.
To contextualize, the initial distribution plan for the 2.1 billion $CORE tokens provided for a distribution over 81 years as follows :
A significant portion of the tokens will be progressively distributed to the community and network participants. This distribution could, over time, reduce the current concentration. For their part, exchange platforms like Bybit, Gate.io, Bitget, and HTX also hold tokens. However, their share remains minor compared to the largest individual or institutional wallets.
Core (CORE) presents an interesting value proposition in 2025 notably seeking to solve the famous blockchain trilemma. It adopts a hybrid approach that combines Bitcoin’s security and EVM’s flexibility, a strategy that is both technically ambitious and relevant.
However, the project remains young and faces fierce competition in the L1 space. The high concentration of tokens and regulatory uncertainty around DAOs are points of vigilance for potential investors.
Core’s future success will depend on its ability to attract developers and users, prove the robustness of its consensus, and navigate a complex regulatory landscape. This project offers real potential, but you must first study the associated risks before considering an investment !
Caméléon de la rédaction et experte SEO, Maholy Ny Voary a découvert le monde des cryptomonnaies et du Web3 en 2021. Constamment à l’affût des nouveautés, elle continue de se former pour créer des contenus engageants qui aident véritablement les internautes.
It’s Core’s hybrid consensus algorithm. It combines Bitcoin’s Delegated Proof of Work (DPoW) and CORE’s Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) to deliver both security and scalability.
Yes, Core is fully compatible with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). This enables developers to seamlessly deploy applications and smart contracts from the Ethereum ecosystem onto Core.
The maximum supply of CORE tokens is capped at 2.1 billion, a figure similar to Bitcoin’s. This supply will be gradually released over a period of 81 years.
CORE tokens are listed on several major centralized exchanges. These include OKX, Bybit, Bitget, MEXC, Gate.io, and Kraken.
Core ensures its security through the Satoshi Plus consensus mechanism—which combines Bitcoin’s DPoW and Core’s DPoS—validator decentralization, economic incentives, and slashing penalties for malicious actors.
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